Unit 1: Dynamic behaviour of simple processes

1.1 Objectives of Chemical Process Control

1.2 Mathematical modeling of chemical processes

1.3 State variables and state equations

1.4 Input-Output model, Linearization of nonlinear systems

1.5 Types of Forcing functions, dead-time systems

1.6  First order systems/processes – Thermometer, Liquid level tank, Liquid level tank with constant outlet (pure capacitive), isothermal and non-isothermal CSTR

1.7 Dynamic response of first order system to impulse and step inputs

1.8 basic concepts of MIMO systems.

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Unit 2: Design of single-loop feedback control systems

2.1 Second order systems/processes – Damped vibrator, Interacting and Non-interacting systems,

2.2 Step response of second order system,

2.3 Characteristics of under-damped system.

2.4 Classical controllers – P, PI, PD, PID and ON- OFF controllers.

2.5 Concept of feed-back control system,

2.6 Servo & Regulatory problem,

2.7 Block diagram reduction of complicated control systems,

2.8 Dynamic behaviour of feed-back control processes.

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Unit 3: Stability Analysis of feed-back systems

3.1 Notion of stability

3.2 Characteristic equation

3.3 Stability analysis of feedback control system using Routh-Hurwitz criteria

3.4 Root locus

3.5 Simple performance criteria – controller tuning with one-quarter decay ratio criteria

3.6 Time Integral performance criteria by ISE, IAE, ITAE, etc.,

3.7 selection of feed-back controller,

3.8 Controller tuning using process reaction curve by Cohen-coon technique

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Unit 4: Frequency response analysis of linear processes

4.1 Response of first order system to sinusoidal input,

4.2 Frequency response characteristics of general linear system

4.3 Bode diagrams - First order system, Second order system, Pure capacitive process, dead time system, P, PI, PD & PID,

4.4 Bode stability criteria

4.5 Gain margin and Phase Margin

4.6 Nyquist Stability criteria

4.7 Ziegler Nicholes Tuning technique

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Unit 5: Design of complex control system

5.1 Design of controllers with difficult dynamics such as large time-delay systems, inverse- response systems.

5.2 Analysis and design of control systems with multiple loops (cascade, selective, split range control systems)

5.3 Analysis and design of advanced control systems (feed forward, ratio, adaptive and inferential control systems)

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Unit 6: Digital and Computer- based Control Systems

6.1 Sampling of continuous signals to discrete- time signals, reconstruction of continuous- time signals from discrete- time signals using hold elements,

6.2 Digital approximation of classical controllers

6.3 Role of digital computer in process control as process interface for data acquisition and control,

6.4 Centralized control systems, supervisory control systems (SCADA), microcomputer- based control systems (PLC, DCS)

6.5 Plant wide control for plants involving compressor, Heat Exchanger, Adiabatic Plug Flow Reactor

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Reference Books:

1. Chemical Process Control, George Stephanopoulos, PHI publication,

2. Process System Analysis & Control, Donald R. Coughanour, Mc Graw Hill

3. Process Control – Modelling, Design & Control, B. Wayne Bequette, PHI Publication

4. Process Dynamics & Control, Dale E. Seaborg, Thomal F. Edgar, Dancan A. Mellichamp

5. Process Dynamics, Modeling & Control – Babatunde A. Ogunnaike, W. Harmon Ray, Oxford University Press Inc.

6. Computer Control of Processes – M. Chidambaram, Alpha Science International Ltd. 

7. Instrument Engineers Handbook (Process Control) –Bella G. Liptak, Elsevier

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